God allowed
certificate of divorce: Deut. 24.1-4
·
But
Jesus says: Mat 19.
God commands no
work at all on the Sabbath: Deut. 5.13-15; Num. 15.32-36
·
But
Jesus and his Apostles “always work”: Mat
12.1-14; John 5.17-19
God commands
capital punishment: Deut. 22.22
·
But
Jesus offers mercy instead: John 7
God commands “an
eye for an eye”: Lev. 24.20
·
But
Jesus says “love your enemies”: Mat
5.38-39
God commands lethal
self-defense: Ex 22.2
·
But
Jesus says “pray” for them: Luke 6.28-29
God commands “holy
wars”: Deut. 20.17
·
But
Jesus “rebukes” the sword: Mat 26.52
God demands a
“vow,” “oath” to Him: Ex 22:10-11; Num.
30.3
·
But
Jesus says “don’t swear at all”: Mat
5.33-36
God commands
fasting: Lev 16:29; Num. 29:7-11
·
But
Jesus says: Mark 2.18-22; Mat 9.14-17
Misc. Laws:
God commands “honor
your parents”: Exod. 20.12; Deut. 5.16
·
But
Jesus puts himself above your family: Mat
8.21-22; Luke 14.25-33; cf. Mat
12.46-50
God prohibits
eating unclean food: Lev. 11; Deut. 14.
·
But
Jesus says “all foods are clean”: Mar
7.19; cf. Luke 11.40
God says don’t even
touch the sick: Num. 5
·
But
Jesus heals the sick: Mar 14.3
God says don’t
touch the dead: Num. 9.14
·
But
Jesus raised the dead: Lazarus, dead child, Mar. 5.39-41
God commands for “unclean”
women: Lev. 15.19-24
·
But
Jesus heals them: Luke 8.43-48
God commands Temple
tax payment: Ex. 30.13; 38.26
·
But
Jesus says they’re free from it: Matthew
17:24-27
“Fulfilled”
defined:
·
The
Baptist, the last prophet of Torah: Luke
16.16; Mat 11.13
·
Because
Jesus was “the end of Torah”: Rom 10.4
·
Paul
not under Moses but Messiah: 1Cor
9.19-21
·
Predicated
on Jesus as “Moses redux.”
·
Just
like the Law and the prophets, the rabbis foresaw this….
Tomson,
Paul and the Jewish Law, pp 94, 272.
“A
tradition exists in ancient Jewish and Rabbinic literature that in the
messianic age the Tora, or parts of it, will be abolished. [For example, at]
the messianic banquet where Israel will dine of the evidently non-kosher
Leviathan.”
Nidah 61b
The
Rabbis taught that mitzvot will be nullified in the age to come. And rabbi
Yochanan expounded: What does it mean "Freedom among the dead" (Ps
88:6)? When a man dies, he is free from the commandments.
R.
Aqila says: "The Eternal sits and examines the new Torah which he will
bestow in the future through the Messiah"
·
The
Last Torah proponent: Luke 16.16; Mat
11.13
·
Fulfillment
= change, phasing out.
·
The
Cross as the apostolic focus! Col 2.14;
Eph. 2.15
·
The
“already-not-yet” principle.
Theological Dictionary of the NT
In
different ways the Rabbis also argued that God’s work goes on on the Sabbath
and that He is uninterruptedly active as Sustainer and Judge of the world. On
the basis of these considerations the saying of Jesus stresses the constancy of
the divine work, which is not affected even by the Sabbath. But Jesus then
continues that as the Father works, so do I. [He claims] that divine authority
is given to Him as the Son, and hence that His work cannot tolerate any
interruption, even by the Sabbath. The Jews grasp what is being said: Jesus has
not just broken the Sabbath but is abolishing it. The story of the breaking of
the Sabbath thus raises the decisive question whether the authority of Jesus as
the One whom God has sent is recognized or not.
In
Mark 2.27 man and his needs are said to be of greater value than the
commandment. The absolute obligation of the commandment is thus challenged….The
second saying in v. 28 goes much further: “The Son of man is Lord also of the
sabbath.” The Christian community is confessing Jesus, the Son of Man, who as
[lord Messiah] decides concerning the applying or transcending of the Sabbath.
In His lordship Sabbath casuistry comes to an end.
“The
Law is forced out of its key position by the person of Jesus Himself.”
Dictionary of Jesus and the
Gospels
“Jesus,
living in the overlap between the old covenant and the new, is generally
obedient to the Mosaic Law, but at the same time he makes clear that he has
sovereign rights both to interpret and to set aside that Law. It is not,
however, that Jesus consistently flaunts the traditions, for he attends the
synagogue on the Sabbath, and displays habits at mealtime and at prayer that
are consistent with the traditions. What we have, then, is a Jesus who does not
go out of his way to break the traditions of his day but at the same time makes
clear that he considers himself free to ignore them if need demands. What is
impressive in Jesus’ teaching is the way in which he taught directly, and
without reference to any other authority, what it was that God was demanding of
his people. The Mosaic Law, if not discarded, is generally ignored–and this
signals an important shift from both the OT and the Judaism of Jesus’ day.”
ADDENDUM:
Apostolic churches
Jerusalem
council: Acts 15; 21.25
·
Torah
has become “a yoke!”
·
No
circumcision!
Food
laws: Rom. 14.14, 20
·
Some
weak Christians.
Jewish
calendar: Col. 2.16-17; Gal. 4; Rom.
14.5
·
One
of the Torah shadows.
From
Sabbath to Sunday: 1Cor 16.2
·
Collection
changed from the Sabbath (tzedakah) to Sunday.
